The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille fired two times late to take a shock lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the final moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.